Orthophosphoric Acid

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Phosphoric acid

Orthophosphoric acid

Molecular weight

ninety-eight

EINECS login

231-633-2

Boiling point

261 ℃ (decomposition)

Density

1.874g/mL (liquid)

Acid strength

Medium strong acid

Properties

Inorganic acidification substances

Crystallization characteristics

High concentration, purity, and crystallinity

Acid ion:

salt

There are three types of phosphates: orthophosphate (containing PO43-), acid salt monohydrogen phosphate (containing HPO42-), and dihydrogen phosphate (containing H2PO4-).

The relationship between the three types of salts is:

(1) Solubility

Normal salt and monohydrogen salt: Except for a few salts such as potassium, sodium, and ammonium, the rest are insoluble in water, but can dissolve in strong acids.

Dihydrosalts: are easily soluble in water.

(2) Mutual transformation

Add alkaline solution dropwise to phosphoric acid, and as the alkaline solution increases, it successively generates dihydrogen phosphate, monohydrogen phosphate, and phosphate.

Add strong acid dropwise to the phosphate solution, and as the acid increases, produce monohydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate, and phosphate successively

Inspection:

The reaction between phosphate and excess ammonium molybdate in concentrated nitric acid solution results in the precipitation of light yellow ammonium molybdate crystals, which is a characteristic reaction for identifying phosphate ions:

PO43-+12MoO42-+3NH4++24H+===(NH4) 3 [P (Mo12O40)] · 6H2O ↓+6H2O

Orthophosphoric acid is an important chemical raw material, and its main functions are as follows:

Process metal surfaces to generate insoluble phosphate films to protect the metal from corrosion.

Mix with nitric acid as a chemical polishing agent to improve the smoothness of metal surfaces.

Phosphate esters are the raw materials for producing washing products and insecticides.

Raw materials for producing phosphorus containing flame retardants.

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